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Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic. It's mainly used to treat eye infections (such as conjunctivitis) and sometimes ear infections. Chloramphenicol comes as eye drops or eye ointment.
Then, how does the antibiotic chloramphenicol work?
Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis. It prevents protein chain elongation by inhibiting the peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome. It specifically binds to A2451 and A2452 residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation.
One may also ask, what are the side effects of chloramphenicol?
Common side effects of chloramphenicol include:
- not enough red blood cells produced (aplastic anemia)
- bone marrow suppression.
- diarrhea.
- inflammation of the small intestine and the colon (enterocolitis)
- accumulation of chloramphenicol especially in newborns (gray syndrome)
- headache.
- nausea.
- nightmares.
What type of drug is chloramphenicol?
Chloramphenicol injection is used to treat certain types of serious infections caused by bacteria when other antibiotics cannot be used. Chloramphenicol injection is in a class of medications called antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria..
Is chloramphenicol a strong antibiotic?
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic. It's mainly used to treat eye infections (such as conjunctivitis) and sometimes ear infections. Chloramphenicol comes as eye drops or eye ointment. This treatment is for serious infections and is nearly always given in hospital.
Related
Why chloramphenicol is banned?
Most countries have banned chloramphenicol for use in food animal production, FAO said. Chloramphenicol is also known to cause an extremely serious disease in people called “aplastic anemia”. But the incidence of this disease is rare, according to JECFA, and probably could not be attributed to residues in food.
What type of bacteria does chloramphenicol kill?
Chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces venequelae with primarily bacteriostatic activity. Chloramphenicol diffuses through the bacterial cell wall and reversibly binds to the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit.
Can humans take chloramphenicol?
Because chloramphenicol can cause aplastic anemia in humans, its use in humans has greatly diminished, and it is only used for the treatment of MDR bacterial infections where few or no other antimicrobial drugs are useful.
Can chloramphenicol be taken orally?
For infections caused by bacteria: For oral dosage forms (capsules and suspension): Adults and teenagers—Dose is based on body weight. The usual dose is 12.5 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) (5.7 mg per pound) of body weight every six hours.
What group of antibiotic is chloramphenicol?
Chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from Streptomyces venequelae with primarily bacteriostatic activity. Chloramphenicol diffuses through the bacterial cell wall and reversibly binds to the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit.
What age can you use chloramphenicol?
It is available on prescription. You can also buy the drops and the ointment from a pharmacy, without a prescription, if it is for conjunctivitis in an adult or in a child over 2 years of age. Do not use chloramphenicol eye drops or ointment for a child under 2 years old, unless it has been prescribed by a doctor.
What is the other name for chloramphenicol?
BRAND NAME: Chloromycetin, Econochlor, Ocu-Chlor (These are discontinued brands in the US) DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Chloramphenicol is a man-made antibiotic.
What antibiotic is used for eye infections?
Bacterial conjunctivitis is most often treated with ophthalmic antibiotic eyedrops or ointments such as Bleph (sulfacetamide sodium), Moxeza (moxifloxacin), Zymar (gatifloxacin), Romycin (erythromycin), Polytrim (polymyxin/trimethoprim), Ak-Tracin, Bacticin (bacitracin), AK-Poly-Bac, Ocumycin, Polycin-B, Polytracin
Is chloramphenicol still used?
Chloramphenicol is still used occasionally in topical preparations (ointments and eye drops) for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. Isolated case reports of aplastic anaemia following use of chloramphenicol eyedrops exist, but the risk is estimated to be of the order of less than one in 224,716 prescriptions.
Is chloramphenicol a steroid?
GENERIC NAME: CHLORAMPHENICOL/HYDROCORTISONE - EYE-EAR OINTMENT (klor-am-FEN-eh-coal/hi-dro-KOR-tih-sown) USES: This medication contains an antibiotic that helps prevent or treat an infection and a steroid which reduces inflammation. It is used in the treatment of various eye (ophthalmic) or ear (otic) conditions.
What does erythromycin do to bacteria?
Erythromycin, an antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of vital proteins in susceptible bacteria, may be either bacteriostatic (i.e., inhibiting bacterial reproduction but not killing bacterial cells) or bactericidal (i.e., killing bacteria by direct action), depending on its concentration and the type of
What type of antibiotic is chloromycetin?
BRAND NAME: Chloromycetin, Econochlor, Ocu-Chlor (These are discontinued brands in the US) DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Chloramphenicol is a man-made antibiotic. It slows growth of bacteria by preventing them from producing important proteins that they need to survive.
Can you get chloramphenicol over the counter?
Chloramphenicol is a potent broad spectrum, bacteriostatic antibiotic that can be used to treat acute bacterial conjunctivitis in adults and children aged 2 years and over. It's available over the counter (OTC) as chloramphenicol 0.5% w/v eye drops and 1% w/v ointment.
Is chloramphenicol An antibiotic drug?
What Is Chloramphenicol and How Does It Work? Chloramphenicol is prescription intravenous antibiotic for treatment of serious infections and systemic infections. Chloramphenicol is available under the following different brand names: Chloramphenicol IV and Chloromyectin. These brand names are discontinued in the U.S.
Is chloramphenicol a penicillin?
Important other applications of chloramphenicol are in the treatment of penicillin-allergic or penicillin-resistant patients with bacterial meningitis and infections caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci that are also resistant to other antibiotics.
How do I use Aplicap?
Take it in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Check the label for directions before use. Hold the tube close to the eye without touching it. Gently squeeze the tube and place the medicine inside the lower eyelid.
Is chloramphenicol a broad spectrum antibiotic?
Chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic whose spectrum includes several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, spirochetes, and Rickettsiae.